Funds of Knowledge as Rich Resources for ELL students

The Battle Of The War Essay - 1510 Words

Between the four years of 1861 and 1865 the United States was engaged in a Civil War. This involved a division between the free North and the slave holding South, where eleven southern states split from the Union, altogether refusing the idea of a single American nation. Abraham Lincoln, who was the president at the time, disapproved of this revolt and had â€Å"500,000 soldiers to crush what threatened to be an aggressive rebellion.† In April 1861, the first shots were fired, and what followed became an unthinkable tragedy of gigantic proportions. Thousands upon thousands of soldiers were killed and millions more wounded; large areas of the South were engulfed by aggressive battles almost resulting in a Union defeat under determined Confederate forces. Focusing on the major turning point battle of the war, the Battle at Gettysburg, the confederate Army was led by General Robert E. Lee, and the Union Army was led by General George G. Meade. This battle lasted for three days - July 1st through the 3rd, 1863, and ended when the Confederates had failed to break up the main Union line. On July 2 of the battle, more than â€Å"15,000 soldiers were killed or wounded in just six hours of the battling.† The casualties on just that one day are more than â€Å"three times the number of American casualties in the D-Day invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944.† These numbers would be sure to find itself in American history as being the bloodiest battle in US history, but the battle s greater importanceShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of The War1439 Words   |  6 PagesWorld War One was the cause of over eleven million military personnel deaths. Six million of those came from the side of the Triple Entente, or Allies. New fighting strategies that emphasized throwing more and more men into the fight only exacerbated the problem. Military leaders on the side of the Allies failed to adapt and sacrificed the lives of many that could have been avoided. Based on concrete evidence that was collected, this was a major factor in high casualty numbers during the war becauseRea d MoreThe Battle Of The War918 Words   |  4 PagesIndians come from, Custer was as surprised as McCoy. McCoy’s unit was surrounded by NVA regulars before they knew it, and they where pissed. Nowhere to run or hide they prepared for battle, perhaps their last battle, but you could say that about every battle. They are outnumbered 20 to 1. In the heat of battle one cannot swear who shot or killed whom, it was just constant motion, first very fast, then very slowly. McCoy s arms had become numb from swinging the ax handle he held. Smashing in headsRead MoreThe Battle Of The War1146 Words   |  5 PagesUnion mobilized for war, and America starts growing fearsome to what the future would look like. This was the day WWII started, which claimed millions of lives on both sides. Everybody is interested in the action and battles, but what about the production of the war? Without the production of the arms and food, these battles would not even have happened. The following is what each country in the Allied powers contributed during WWII. Hoping they would not be dragged into the war, American hopes wereRead MoreThe Battle Of The War1041 Words   |  5 PagesAs the battle began, most of the Samian fleet deserted. Herodotus isn’t sure about which triremes fled and which didn’t, as the reports he received were confused. The Samians were first in line in battle and once they had set sail for home, the Lesbians who were second in line did the same. The Chians were the most heroic people during this fight. They had contributed one hundred ships to the combined fleet, each containing forty men. This speaks very highly of the Chians. Even though most othersRead MoreThe Battle Of The War942 Words   |  4 PagesIn the 1899 Conference at The Hague, 59 sovereign states declared that they will abstain from the use of all kinds of diffusing, asphyxiating, or deleterious projectiles in case of an imminent war. But on the 22nd of April 1915, the agreement was disregarded. Germany was engaged in a series of battles against the strongest force of the French. The situation of the battlefield, because of the static trench warfare was alarming for the German commanders. The Oberste Heeresleitung identified that theRead MoreThe Battle Of The War Essay1076 Words   |  5 Pagesall those who had something riding on the outcome of the war. Though they were subjected to different sides of the war, George Washington, King George III of England and William Howe all experienced the hardships and trying times of the year 1776. General George Washington knew that he lacked experience with almost all aspects of the war. He had retired from military life fifteen years before the revolution, and had never led an army in battle, commanded anything more than a regiment or directed aRead MoreThe Battle Of War And War1321 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different components to war, far beyond the soldiers and battlefields. Soldiers at war may make the ultimate sacrifice in the sequence of battle, but societies at war deal with the compromise. War requires more non-renewable resources than any other industry in the world, the most abundant of those resources being humans. Since July 4, 1776 the US has been in some sort of conflict for 222 of the 239 years since that day. Humans require more basic necessities than any other living organismRead MoreThe Battle Of The War981 Words   |  4 Pages262 jets. In the opening phases of the battle, they would be facing only some 80,000 men, less than 250 pieces of armor and about 400 artillery guns. Many of the American troops were inexperienced; the German force included battle-hardened veterans of the tough fighting on the Eastern Front, but they, too, had green units filled with boys and with men who normally would have been considered too old for military service. During the course of the month-long battle, some 500,000 German, 600,000 AmericanRead MoreThe Battle Of The War1499 Words   |  6 Pagesprepared to take charge towards their enemies (from google images) During this difficult time at war, soldiers have had to spend the last four years of their lives in between narrow walls called trenches. Not only do these soldiers face the extremities of battles, but they also have to survive in these narrow spaces. For these courageous men, living in these trenches meant living in fear. As the war has been mentioned that it is coming to an end, soldiers still have to keep up with their daily routinesRead MoreThe Battle Of The War1498 Words   |  6 PagesConfederates enter the war with a belief that would also sustain them during war years and ultimately shape the south after the war, a durable belief in their invincibility. Even after major turning points of the war, diehard Rebels continued to express a resilient belief in their invincibility. They were unconquerable and they truly stuck it about because they expected to win. Their ethos; beliefs of being highly favored children of God, attitudes of invincibility (homegrown and those spread

IT Is the Backbone of Modern Society Free Essays

â€Å"IT is the backbone of modern society,† one of my teachers would remind us whenever I and my classmates would feel inferior to other strands back in 12th grade. He would later proceed to list down the reasons why IT was so important. It took a while for me to realize that he was right – IT, up to this day, continues to be part of the reason for the advancement of society. We will write a custom essay sample on IT Is the Backbone of Modern Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now In fact, the book â€Å"Information Technology and the Conduct of Research: The User’s View† (1989) claims how â€Å"on the whole, information technology has led to improvements in research. New avenues for scientific exploration have opened. The amount of data that can be analysed has expanded, as has the complexity of analyses. And researchers can collaborate more widely and efficiently.† As someone who has background knowledge on how to write my own research paper, I can attest to this statement. My group and I were able to gather sufficient data for our chosen topic and share ideas with each other while working on our assigned tasks online, we did not need to be in the same place for us to work efficiently. Without computers and the different software that aided us, it would have been impossible to complete our research on time. Aside from this, one of the things I found fascinating is the fact that IT can help gather participants from different areas that are geographically distant. It makes true of the statement that IT helps remove the limit time, distance, and cost have on researchers. The part where the author stated how technology is being used in classrooms nowadays to help with the learning and teaching process had me nodding my head in agreement. Our school back in 12th grade provided us with our own tablets that can access a site where we can review our lectures and take exams and quizzes. Indeed, that made it a lot easier for me to understand and remember the lessons better. The Center for Applied Research in Educational Technology or CARET further supports this claim when they found that technology, when used as a collaborative learning method for students, affects achievement in content learning, develops students’ problem-solving skills and higher-order thinking skills, as well as prepare them for workforce (2007). Trucano (2005) also discovered that the use of technology empowers teachers and students and helps develop skills needed for the 21st century workplace. How to cite IT Is the Backbone of Modern Society, Papers

The Unifying Kerygma of the New Testament Essay Sample free essay sample

I. Introduction ThesisThe intent of this article is to offer grounds J } lat. co~trary to the prevailing position. there is a cardinal. distinct kerygmatic nucleus that integrates the multiplex plurality of the New Testament. Without denying the diverseness that may be found in this. I hope to originate a return to the mostly ignored undertaking of placing the nature of its integrity. My motive to make so comes A ; om the being of informations that suggest the ne-ed to make full a instead ample spread in the scenarios presently available for depicting the character of early Christianity. Earlier Attempts The inactive and kinetic inactiveness that has to be overcome is considerable. . given the history of old efforts. to make so. Possibly the most celebrated attempt was conducted by C. H. ‘Dodd merely over half a century ago. cubic decimeter He identified a seven-point lineation of crude sermon by roll uping fragments of tradition. from Pauline literature2 that corresponded in all but three points to the form ofproclamation in the early discourses of Acts. 3 He so tried to demo that. within the assortment and development. this kerygmatic lineation could be detected among the major representatives of the New Testament. 4 While many Anglo-American bookmans ab initio responded favorably to Dodd’s proposal. subsequent surveies criticized what seemed to be an unreal harmonizing of Pauline stuff and an insufficiently critical trust uJKln the addresss of Acts as accurate representations of apostolic sermon. The inability of Dodd’s statement to arouse a wide adequate consensus was complemented by what appeared to be a more hearty alternate. A one-fourth of a century earlier. Wilhelm Heitmfiller set in gesture the prevailing inclination to talk of the kerygmata ofthe New Testament. 6 Its most comprehensive expounding lies in RudolfBultmann’s Theology ofthe New Testament. as anyone can readily see by comparing the tabular array of contents with the major headers of Heitmfiller’s article? Redaction unfavorable judgment. with its professed purpose to find the alone message ( s ) of each Gospel. 8 belongs to this watercourse of thought. And using the term ‘kerygma’ to the typical subject of a New ( and even Old ) Testament papers can be seen in the series of articles that appeared in Interpretation during the sixties. 9 A Current Option Rather than a consolidative statement or tradition. Dunn entreaties to a supra-literary or trans-textual set of strong beliefs. At another degree. this clip supremely Christological. he asserts that integrity lies in the trim but non-negotiable ‘affirmation of the individuality of the adult male Jesus with the risen Lord’ . 14 An Option While one can non take lightly Professor Dunn’s warning and the statement on which it rests. I must however implore to differ well. There is in fact grounds for a kerugma that is concrete. non abstract or reductionist. and wide-ranging sufficiency to be regarded as a nucleus running throughout the New Testament. Describing its constituents and puting Forth the corroborating informations will represent the load of what follows. Procedure Possibly the fullest blossoming of this critical bequest is J. n. G. Dunn’s Unity and Diversity in the New Testament. 1o Despite the promise of the rubric. the speech pattern falls to a great extent on diverseness. Yet Dunn tries to maintain religion by puting Forth. with proper makings. the ‘core kerygma’ . Its three constituents are ‘the announcement of the risen. exalted Jesus’ . the ‘call for faith’ in response to the announcement. and ‘the promise held out to faith’ ( i. e. the benefits that come when the announcement is appropriated by religion in Christ ) . l1 Dunn so issues of import disclaimers: This is the integrity of the post-Easter kerugma. But beside it stands the considerable diverseness of the different kerygmata. It must clearly be understood that the incorporate nucleus kerugma outlined above is an abstraction. No NT author proclaims this kerugma as. . such. No NT author reduces the kerugma to this nucleus. The basic keryFa in each of the instances examined above is larger than this nucleus. Then comes a warning:We must hence mind when we talk of ‘the NT kerygma’ . For ifwe mean the nucleus kerugma. so we are speaking about a kerugma which no revivalist in the NT really preached. And if we mean one of the diverse kerygmata. so it is merely one signifier of kerugma and non needfully allow or acceptable to the different revivalists in the NT or their fortunes. But foremost a word needs to be said about process. In each of the representative plants mentioned. there is a common denominator. diverse though they are. The New Testament is non treated literarily and therefore descriptively but instead historically and reconstructively. In other words. the paperss are mined for information about the development ofChristian beliefs. either within a individual watercourse or within multiplex parallel watercourses. as even the rubric of Dodd’s book illustrates. This is an wholly legitimate endeavor ; but it belongs truly to the history of tenet from the earliest times to the alleged ( and muchmaligned ) ‘early catholicism’ of the sub-apostolic epoch. Although I hope that what follows will lend to that treatment. my findings have emerged from a survey of the New Testament per Se. which is first and foremost a organic structure ofliterature. Such textual scrutiny has an unity in its ain right. so that it may be conducted individual ly from and so prior to the historical. Furthermore. one could reason that certain sorts ofpremature atomisation of the text impede and befog the historical undertaking. Leaving the text excessively shortly to compose the church’s history is every bit unsafe as that ofwriting the history ofJesus before making a thorough literary analysis. ClasssThe kerygmatic nucleus here stray contains six changeless points. normally but non ever. introduced by a statement that what follows is kerygma. Gospel. or word aOOut15 ( 1 ) ContentA separate point demands to be made refering the content because it contravenes so much of the critically Orthodox consensus about the substance of what the earliest Christians proclaimed and believed. Items ( 1 ) and ( 5 ) . which involve ( 2 ) and ( 4 ) . name attending to the to a great extent theological constituent in the kerugma here identified. God constantly appears as the conceiver of the salvaging event and the receiver of Christian response. Furthermore. the content sums to a narration of Godhead activity ( narrative in nuce ) instead than the acclaim of Christological position. Much more of such theocentricity occurs in the New Testament ; but I have intentionally confined myself to its presence in this kerygmatic signifier ( and to the visual aspect of all six elements. even though more cases with fewer points. could be adduced ) . God who sent ( Gospels ) or raised Jesus. A response ( having. penitence. religion ) towards God brings benefits ( diversely described ) . ‘Form’ That we have · here a kind of ‘form’ is suggested by the consistent happening of each of the six classs within the same context or transition. Therefore. one demand non harmonise them from assorted quarters of the same or other paperss. This avoids the unfavorable judgment leveled against Dodd. Furthermore. these same points persist throughout the New Testament ( see below for the full extent ) . Yet they do non ever appear in the same order. So there is a coherence to the form without its being formulaic. And classs ( 4 ) and ( 6 ) show the greatest variableness in content. ( Ofcourse. the fewer the constituents. the greater the consistency. ) Such an informal formality suggests a phase prior to going tradition per Se. rigidified and dissociable from its context. But my proclaimed concern is non with the tradition history ofthis signifier. Rather. I mean to show its ~entrality and character farther. DisclaimersThe claim here is non that I have been the first to detect the theological dimension to kerygmatic statements. Rather. my point is that it is more extended. more formal. and more significafit than bookmans have allowed. So. for illustration. Bultmann18 and Kramer 9 citation kerygmata where · God who raised Jesus is the focal point offaith. But Bultmann sees them as reflecting a ‘dangerous’ mentality that smacks more of Jewish sectarianism20 than of indispensable Christianity. Merely with Paul and john21 does faith or belief shift focal point from God’s title in Christ to that of set uping a relation with the individual of Christ himself. 22 A more extremist christocentricity among the earliest confessions is championed by Oscar Cullmann. who maintains smartly that ‘faith in God is truly a map offaith in Christ. . However. such value judgements and possibly consistently inclined hermeneutics miss the point that the theocentricity persists amongst the really authors who have so moved Christian thought in a more Christological way. But utilizing the linguistic communication of early and late hazards offending the district of tradition history and the development of the Christian faith. Although it goes beyond my declared aims to place a literary phenomenon. I venture briefly to propose that a instance could be made for the crude day of the month of this kerugma if one is willing to admit the contestable character of the undermentioned sorts of averments: the briefest and most legion signifier is the earliest. 24 acclaim or confession of Jesus’ position preceded narration ( which so becomes regarded as a secondary enlargement ) . 25 and theological motives signifY missional sermon to Gentiles. 26 III. THE DATA raising ( 3 ) The nazarene from the dead ( 13. 30-34. 37 ) . In him. there is ( 6 ) forgiveness of wickednesss and justification ( vv. 38-39 ) . Those among the assorted audience who responded were ( 4 ) persuaded ( lleieew ) to stay in the grace ( 5 ) of God ( v. 43 ) . Letterss: Pauline Romans Mentioning what many bookmans believe to hold been a widely known. normally accepted tradition in Rom. 10. 8-9. Paul maintains that the ‘word of faith’ proclaimed ( lCTJPucrcrew ) is that if one confesses that Jesus is Lord and ( 4 ) believes in his bosom that ( 1. 5 ) God ( 2 ) has raised ( 3 ) him from the dead. he ( 6 ) will be saved. 27 Were dating a primary concern. so one could reason for a pre-pauline. early beginning for the form. possibly the most crude version ofit that we can mention. unless the transitions in Acts qualify. But merrily it does non belong to our undertaking to show this. Colossians However one assesses the writing of Colossians. clearly the kerugma under scrutiny occurs in this pauline or paulinist missive. ( If the latter. so grounds for its wider range is extended. ) The vocabulary of the Christian Gospel has a instead wide scope to it. Paul refers to it as the word of God that he was appointed to declare ( 1. 25-27 ) . Allied linguistic communication about that function ( denoting. convincing. instruction. v. 28 ) provides a more distant debut than what we have been used to seeing for the content of the announcement. The Colossians have been raised with Christ through ( 4 ) religion in the working ( 5 ) of God ( 1 ) who ( 2 ) raised ( 3 ) him from the dead ( 2. 12 ) . Furthermore. God has ( 6 ) enlivened them with Jesus who were dead in trespasses which he pardoned ( v. 13 ) . 1 Thessalonians Because my intent is to demo that the form in inquiry occurs throughout the New Testament canon. I shall form the grounds harmonizing to its major units. However I have taken the autonomy to rearrange them so that the kerugma as proclaimed explicitly by the early church appears foremost. Such an order will besides assist the stuff to move as a foil for the Gospels where. though the classs remain consistent. notice must be taken of how the differences in pre- and post-Easter scenes affect the mode by which class ( 2 ) was expressed: the act of God in Christ. By far the greatest fluctuation in content. though non in signifier. appears in the vocabulary of ( 4 ) response to God and of ( 6 ) the extroverted benefits. Acts While the historically conditioned argument about Luke’s representation of the early church continues unabated. it need non discourage the entreaty to volume two of the Doppelwerk for the first illustrations of a kerugma that permeates the remainder ofthe New Testament. However one answers the historical inquiry. it is notable that instances ofboth petrine and pauline sermon confirm the thesis in scenes where Palestinian Jews. Hellenic Jews. and ‘devout proselytes’ comprise the audience.